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Lifestyle & Nutrition

Opposite effects of nicotinic acid and pyridoxine on systemic prostacyclin, thromboxane and leukotriene production in man

"The results of this study suggest that nicotinic acid increases thromboxane and leukotriene synthesis which may not be beneficial for patients with cardiovascular diseases or asthma.  In contrast, the increase of prostacyclin production and the inhibition in thromboxane and leukotriene synthesis by pyriodoxine might be beneficial in disorders where the production of prostacyclin is decreased and the formation of thromboxane and cysteinyl leukotrienes is enhanced.

"The treatment with nicotinic acid increased 11-DHTXB2 excretion to 2.6 fold and leukotriene E4 excretion to twice the basal values."

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Platelet activation in obese Women. Role of inflammation and oxidant stress.

“Women with android obesity had higher levels of 8-iso PGF2alpha and 11-dehydro-TxB2 than nonobese women.” 

“Both 8-iso PGF2alpha and 11-dehydroTxB2 were higher in women with android obesity than women with gynoid obesity” 

“Of 20 women with android obesity, 11 achieved successful weight loss, which was associated with statistically significant reductions in C-reactive protein (median change 23%  p<.05), 8-iso PGF2alpha (median change 32%  p=.04) and 11-dehydro-TXB2 (median change 54% p=.005)." 

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Effects of smoking cessation and nicotine substitution on systemic eicosanoid production in man

"This study investigated the effects of smoking cessation with and without nicotine substitution on the excretion of major urinary metabolites of thromboxane A2 and prostacyclin; 11-dehydrothromboxane B2 and 2, 3-dinor-6ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha, respectively, as well as on the excretion of leukotriene E4 in man."

"The fact that eicosanoid production remains at pre-cessation levels in volunteers who quit smoking but use nicotine substitution may be involved in the risk of cardiovascular complications reported during nicotine replacement therapy."

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Risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis and platelet activation

"In the 24 patients in whom the plaque score was measured, multivariate analysis indicated a significant positive correlation between urinary excretion of 11-dehydrothromboxane B2 and plaque score, age, smoking and hypercholestermia.  Our results indicate the risk factors such as age, hypercholestermia, atherosclerosis and smoking activate platelets in vivo to develop carotid atherosclerosis."

"Multivariate analysis indicated a significant positive correlation between urinary excretion of 11-dehydrothromboxane B2 and plaque score, age, smoking and hypercholesteremia."

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Nicotine effects on eicosanoid formation and hemostatic function: comparison of transdermal nicotine and cigarette smoking

“Cigarette smoking increased the urinary excretion of 11-dehydrothromboxane B2 (reflecting thromboxane A2 generation).”

“Cigarette smoking was also associated with higher levels of fibrinogen in plasma.”

“Cigarette smoking and transdermal nicotine treatment were both associated with a higher white blood cell count compared with the placebo patch.”

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