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"Digoxin use was shown to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events in atrial fibrillation (AF). We hypothesized that digoxin may affect cardiovascular risk by increasing platelet activation. Urinary excretion of 11-dehydro-thromboxane B₂ (TxB₂), a marker of platelet activation, and serum digoxin concentration (SDC) were measured. Patients in the upper tertile of SDC showed higher 11-dehydro-TxB₂ compared with non-digoxin users. In vitro study showed an increased basal platelet activation in patients with AF compared with healthy subjects."