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Cardiovascular Disease

The thromboxane A2 pathway and its components are implicated in the progression of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. (CAD) Thromboxane A2 is clearly involved in CAD due to its acute and chronic role in promotion of vasoconstriction and platelet aggregation. The success of low-dose aspirin in prevention of CAD is explained by platelet COX-1 inhibiting thromboxane A2 biosynthesis. Levels of urinary 11-dehydrothromboxane B2 reflect activity of components of the thromboxane A2 pathway that regulate thromboxane A2 generation.

Reduced Blood Platelet Sensitivity to Aspirin in Coronary Artery Disease: Are Dyslipidaemia and Inflammatory States Possible factors Predisposing to Sub-optimal Platelet Response to Aspirin?

Aspirin, Chronic Diseases, Cardiovascular Disease, Therapy, Traditional Therapy

"Both environmental and genetic factors, including aspirin pharmacokinetics, inflammation, platelet COX-2, use of non-steroid anti-ainflammatory drugs and dyslipidaemia may determine variable platelet response to acetylsalicylic acid.”’

"However, CRP level was significantly associated with the extent of platelet refractoriness to acetylsalicylic acid in these patients, which points out that even subclinical inflammatory states may be considered possible candidates for suboptimal acetylsalicylic acid response."

Opposite effects of nicotinic acid and pyridoxine on systemic prostacyclin, thromboxane and leukotriene production in man

Chronic Diseases, Cardiovascular Disease, Therapy, Lifestyle & Nutrition

"The results of this study suggest that nicotinic acid increases thromboxane and leukotriene synthesis which may not be beneficial for patients with cardiovascular diseases or asthma. In contrast, the increase of prostacyclin production and the inhibition in thromboxane and leukotriene synthesis by pyriodoxine might be beneficial in disorders where the production of prostacyclin is decreased and the formation of thromboxane and cysteinyl leukotrienes is enhanced.

"The treatment with nicotinic acid increased 11-DHTXB₂ excretion to 2.6 fold and leukotriene E4 excretion to twice the basal values."

Aspirin-resistant thromboxane biosynthesis and the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, or cardiovascular death in patients at high risk for cardiovascular events.

Aspirin, Chronic Diseases, Cardiovascular Disease

"In aspirin-treated patients, urinary concentrations of 11-dehydro thromboxane B₂ predict the future risk of myocardial infarction or cardiovascular death. These findings raise the possibility that elevated urinary 11-dehydro thromboxane B₂ levels identify patients who are relatively resistant to aspirin and who may benefit from additional antiplatelet therapies or treatments that more effectively block in vivo thromboxane production or activity."

Risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis and platelet activation

Chronic Diseases, Cardiovascular Disease, Therapy, Lifestyle & Nutrition

"In the 24 patients in whom the plaque score was measured, multivariate analysis indicated a significant positive correlation between urinary excretion of 11-dehydrothromboxane B₂and plaque score, age, smoking and hypercholestermia. Our results indicate the risk factors such as age, hypercholestermia, atherosclerosis and smoking activate platelets in vivo to develop carotid atherosclerosis."

"Multivariate analysis indicated a significant positive correlation between urinary excretion of 11-dehydrothromboxane B₂and plaque score, age, smoking and hypercholesteremia."